A federation, nigeria has a threetiered government structure including the federal government, thirtysix states, and a federal capital abuja, as well as 768 local government areas within the states. The institutions of traditional local government in the kanuri area. History has it that the first edition of nigeria s first newspaper, iwe irohin, came out on november 23, 1859. Local government, autonomy, local government civil service commission, reforms.
Nigeria summary nigeria is a federal republic with three tiers of government. There werethe existence of emirate systems of sokoto and borno caliphates. Like the united states, brazil and india, nigeria as a federation, a colonial heritage necessitated by her multiculturality has 36 states, a federal capital territory abuja and a 774 local government area structure and adopted the united states presidential system since 1979 which replaced the british parliamentary system of government. Politically, the local government includes engagement and participation in governance process at the. Local government is at the bottom of a pyramid of governmental institutions with the national government at the top and intermediate governments states, regions, provinces occupying the middle range. He discerns six phases, during which local governments fortune rose and ebbed. Due to the exigencies of that era and in a bid not to rock the boat and create a situation. Although democratically elected local government is. Corruption in nigeria history things began to go down the drain for the country during corruption in nigeria pdf. The local government refers to the government by the popularly elected bodies responsible for administrative and executive roles in matters concerning the inhabitants of a particular area or district. Aba north, aba south, arochukwu, bende, isiala ngwa south, ikwuano, isiala, ngwa north, isukwuato, ukwa west, ukwa east, umuahia, umuahia south. The state consists of thirty 30 local government areas and area offices, the primary thirdtier unit of government in nigeria. If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v. Nigeria is a federal republic with three tiers of government.
All over the world and especially in africa, local government is seen as a means of enhancing development and service delivery, improve governance and. The institutions of traditional local government in. Truth be told, in the history of nigeria, the creation of local governments has played a vital role in the smooth running of the country. The genesis of local government administration in nigeria dates back to precolonial period. Explain the pattern of local government reforms during the. Nigeria was not formed by chance as explained above.
In the general discourse on the local government system in nigeria, two major influences are notable. The current number of local government in nigeria is 774. The federal, state and local governments are all ruled by officials elected in. The abolition of local government revenue sources in 2003 had a significant negative impact on local government revenue collections. It had been part of system of government among ethnic. Problems of local government in nigeria and solutions. Dec 11, 20 the evolution of local government in nigeria from 1979 to 1999. Local government administration in nigeria and community. Exploring the nexus jide ibietan1, peter ndukwe2 abstract the main objective of this paper is to examine the nature and challenges of local government administration in nigeria using the localist theory as framework of analysis. View of local government administration in nigeria. In total, there are 73 auditorsgeneral in nigeria, more than the whole of the rest of africa put together. Despite this colonial history, nigerias modern local government system started with the reform of local government in 1976. The ministry of local government is responsible for local government, which comprises 111 district councils sitting at the apex of a fivetier structure.
Local government administration in nigeria and the localist theory. Historically, the existence of the local government area in nigeria can be traced back to 1916 which was the first time a native and local type of authority was constituted via an ordinance. They include the federal, state and local government. The federal, state and local governments are all ruled by officials elected in elections which are conducted by the independent national electoral commission inec. Nigeria has 775 local government areas lgas with each lga being administered by a local government council consisting of a chairman, who is the chief. The state is surrounded by kaduna state by the north, abuja to the west, taraba and plateau to the east and kogi and benue to the north.
List of local governments in nigeria and their states. The raditionalforms of government in northern nigeria outside hausaland varied widely, though many areas of the predominantly pagan middle belt were to varying extents integrated into the administrative superstructure of the northern emirates. Here is the list of all the 36 states in nigeria and abuja and their local government areas. Types of local government in nigeria history information.
According to the encyclopedia of social sciences, local government may be loosely defined as a public organization authorized to decide and administer a limited range of public policies within a relatively small territory which is a subdivision of a regional or national government. Local government administration have been part of the process of government in. Zaria, city, kaduna state, northcentral nigeria, on the kubanni river a tributary of the kaduna. Nigeria has so many histories behind her existence. Local governments system has taken different forms from one period to the other in nigeria. The people in sardauna local government area, apart from the fulani who speak a senegambia language, fulfude. Jul 04, 2016 on this page you can read or download history of local government in nigeria pdf in pdf format. In these kingdoms, emirs, obas and chiefs held sway over the governance of their respective domains. Local government authorities lgas were jeopardized fjeldstad, 2004.
Analysis the history of local government administration in nigeria dates back to the colonial era. In addition to the above, the nigerian federal government is one of the few governments in the world perhaps in addition to brazil erero, 1998 that have. First, the spread of islam, predominantly in the north but later in southwestern nigeria as well, began a. Local government is therefore, considered to be one of mans oldest political institutions. Local government administration in nigeria is classified as the third tier of. During the colonial system administration in nigeria, the local government was referred to as native authority or the administration system.
The list below shows the states and the total number of local governments in nigeria. The first epoch took place from 1946 to 1966, the second epoch lasted from 1967 to 1976, and the final stage started from 1976 and exists till date. The 36 states in nigeria and their local government areas. Today, with over 20 million people, 57 local government areas and the largest varieties of ethnicities and culture in nigeria, lagos still holds an important role in nigeria than any other state. It started from the precolonial era 1945 of administration where the kings, chiefs and elders held sway over the governance of their respective domains. What has evolved into advertising practice today started formerly around 1928 with the establishment of a uac subsidiary known as the west african publicity, whose major activity was producing outdoor advertising for uk companies based in nigeria.
A large part of west african economic activity is concentrated in nigeria. Jun 26, 20 local government autonomy is the answer. Local government in nigeria forms the third tier of government coming after the federal and state governments. Local governments in nigeria have developed over a number of years. October 1985 cets 122 gives a general definition of local government which has. Local governments 2nd economic power th in africa 10 biggest oil producer in the world west africa gateway. Nigeria, right through the history of the various regimes that have come to. The history of local government in nigeria during the colonial system administration in nigeria, the local government was referred to as native authority or the administration system. This course examines the evolution of nigerian local government.
The focus of this paper therefore is an examination of local government finance in nigeria using iwo local government as a case study. Crossborder activities closely link southern niger to the hausa. On this page you can read or download history of local government in nigeria pdf in pdf format. The number of local government areas in the then bauchi state was increased to 20 and later to 23. National development, development, nigeria, developing society, governance, development plan. May 21, 2018 local government structure in nigeria. Mar 09, 2020 in nigeria today, the diversity and composite systems make the control and administration of the nation difficult, but the establishment of the third arm of government which is the local government has made control of most region easier for different government leaders, we have discussed on history of local government, duties, and types of. As the largest military power in the region, nigeria played a central role in the ecowas efforts to end the civil wars in liberia and sierra leone. Nigeria is the most populous cou ntry in africa, the second biggest economy, the third largest military power and the biggest oil producer. Heres the number of local governments in each state in nigeria. The numerous functions of the local government in nigeria are outlined thus. A traditional settlement of the ijebu people a subgroup of the yoruba, it was established by the mid18th century as the chief port slaves, cloth, agricultural produce for ijebuode 17 mi 27 km northnorthwest, the capital of the. A discourse on the theoretical imperatives in governmental.
Local government is provided for by the local governments act 1997, and it is enshrined in chapter xi of the constitution. Historically, the development of direct taxation in local government in nigeria can be traced the british precolonial period under this period, community taxes were levied on communities rabiu, author. It had been part of system of government among ethnic groups in nigeria particularly the yoruba. Nigeria is currently made up of 36 states and the federal capital territory and a total of 774 local government areas, all of them received the help of government tender writing for their duties.
The evolution of a democratic local government system in nigeria. There are 768 local governments, and a further six area councils in the fct, totalling 774 authorities. Several dominant themes in nigerian history are essential for understanding contemporary nigerian politics and society. Local government system is one of the most revolutionary administrative reforms in the political programme of the federal government of nigeria. A brief history of nigeria from 1960 till date a brief history of nigeria from 1960 till date i am a nigerian and a bona fide citizen of the country, it is key to be well grounded about the history of nigeria, not only for the sake of gaining knowledge but also for the benefit of generations to come.
To date, this last epoch has had not less than nine reforms. Many of the first republic politicians were not corrupt since the majority of them came into politics with ideologies and principles. Local government and metropolitan regions in federal countries. According to green cited in akinboye 2007 local government is an essential instrument of. Describe the patterns of the reform of the local government in the east, west and north before the military intervention of 1966. The task here is to examine corruption as a common denominator of nigerian political leadership since independence. As earlier stated, the local government is the tier of government closest to the people, therefore it is considered a most important facilitator of economic and social development especially at the grassroots.
Oluwatobi1 introduction nigeria is rich in natural and human resources, with a population of over 150. Brief history of local government in nigeria legit. The 1976 local government reforms was the third in the series of the local government reforms ever contemplated in the history of nigeria local government. Local government area which is located in southeast of taraba, northeast nigeria was part of the former british northern cameroon that voted to join nigeria after the 1961 plebiscite. Normally, local government has general jurisdiction and. Abstract and figures local government administration in nigeria is as old as history and its dated back precolonial era.
However, the dependence of nigerian local governments on external grant jeopardizes the imperative for capacity building initiatives agboola, 2009. However nothing in the present legislation precludes the auditor general for. Historical epochs of local government administration in nigeria. According to franzsen and semboja 2004, prior to rationalization of taxes, 20 percent of local governments own. Abstract the comparison of the evolution and structure of local government systems in nigeria and liberia offers fascinating insight into the study of. Nigeria s executive arm is comprised of 3tiers of government. Nigeria became a republic once again after a new constitution was written in 1979. The concept of local government the performance of local governments has been receiving increasing attention in nigeria over the past decades, from both academic and civil society sectors. It is bounded in the north by kwara state, in the east partly by ekiti state and partly by ondo state, in the south by ogun state and in the west by oyo state.
A brief history of nigeria from 1960 till date history of nigeria pdf nigeria history summary according to eduardo galeano who says history never really says goodbye. Local government administration in nigeria and the localist. The name, structure and composition have experienced different changes over the years. This chapter examines the evolution of local government as an institution and discusses the current system. Historical background of local government system in nigeria. In anglosaxon countries state theory of local government is commonly. Department of accounting faculty of management sciences. Headquarters of the zaria local government council and the traditional zaria emirate, it is served by road and rail and by an airport just to the northwest. Governance and local government elections in nigerias fourth.
Available records on the history of the political development of nigeria since independence have shown that the reins of government has always fallen into the hands of. The history of local government system in nigeria could be traced back. Challenges%20and%20strategies%20for%20local% 20governments. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. We have the pre colonial experiences culminating in different traditional political system. This type of authority was proposed to set in place a form of legal framework via the british so as to establish a. Local government service commission and challenges of local. It is in the annals of nigerias history that local government councils did not have proper constitutional recognition before 1976 constitutional reforms when general. Nigeria first became a republic in 1963, but succumbed to military rule three years later, after a bloody coup detat. That is the important place lagos holds in the history of this country.
However, in 1997 when gombe state was created out of bauchi and additional local governments were created in the country, bauchi state was left with 20 local government areas as shown below. Local governments are set up to bring government closer to the people at the grassroots i. In 1988, another reform of local government was established. Local government in uganda commonwealth governance. Thus, the subsequent local government decree of 1989, 1990 and 1992 have all intended to operationalize the third tier status of local government in nigeria, therefore, granting it a high degree of autonomy as well as increase in their revenue allocation. Local government exercises such power as in theory makes the local government a unit of permitted by the other spheres of the government, administration with defined powers and authority imbued especially the state government. Local government administration in nigeria and the. The history of outdoor is the history of advertising in nigeria. Osun state is divided into three federal senatorial districts, each of which is composed of two administrative zones. Introduction the pride of any government is the attainment of higher value level of development in such a way that its citizens would derive natural attachment to governance. The states current governor is adegboyega oyetola, who was declared winner of the september 2018 governorship elections. A separatist movement later formed the republic of biafra in 1967, leading to the threeyear nigerian civil war.
Evolution of local government system in nigeria research cyber. The newspaper was published every fifteen days and sold for 120 cowries, which is. Data for the study were gathered from facetoface interview, available records in iwo local government, text books, lecture notes, journals, reports, seminar presentation and internet materials. In 1976, the federal military government then issued guidelines on local governments reforms. Evolution of local government systems in nigeria the history of local government systems in nigeria dates back to colonial days. Nigeria s flag consists of three equal vertical bands of green, white, and green. Nasarawa state was created during the abacha government on the 1 st of october, 1996 from plateau state. Epe, town and port, lagos state, southwestern nigeria. It started from the precolonial era 1945 of administration where the kings, chiefs and elders held sway over the governance of. It had been part of system of government among ethnic groups in nigeria. Then, the local government system was controlled by only the chiefs and rulers which were not all sufficient because the people could not feel the full effect of. Local government accountability for service delivery in nigeria. Local government is the third level of government deliberately created to bring government to the grassroots population and gives the grassroots population a sense of involvement in the political processes that control their daily lives.
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